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Intellectual Property

Intellectual Property Protection & Enforcement in China

Partner-led Chinese IP lawyers working from Shanghai and London, helping international businesses register, defend and enforce their trademarks, copyright and patents in China.

China operates a first-to-file trademark system: with limited exceptions, rights belong to whoever files first, not whoever used the mark first. Foreign brands that delay registration — or register only the Latin-script mark and neglect a Chinese-character version — routinely find their name already taken when they enter the market. Filing early, in the right classes and in the Chinese characters your customers will actually use, is one of the most cost-effective protective steps available.

Where a mark has already been taken by a squatter, Chinese law provides remedies: opposition during publication, invalidation of bad-faith registrations and, where commercially sensible, a negotiated buy-back. Against counterfeiting, enforcement runs through several channels — customs recordation to seize goods at the border, administrative complaints to the local Administration for Market Regulation, takedown complaints on Alibaba, Taobao and JD, and civil claims before China's specialised IP courts and tribunals, where punitive damages are available for wilful and serious infringement under the Civil Code.

Eugen Law Firm advises international businesses on Chinese IP strategy and enforcement from Shanghai, with a London office at 85 Great Portland Street for UK and European clients. The work is partner-led and prepared with the thoroughness litigation demands. Where a dispute before the English courts turns on questions of Chinese IP or contract law, we also act as Chinese law expert witnesses.

When you need this

  • You are entering the Chinese market — or manufacturing there — and have not yet registered your trademark in China, in Latin script or Chinese characters.
  • A Chinese company has registered your brand name before you: a squatter is demanding payment, or its registration is blocking your sales or customs clearance.
  • Counterfeit versions of your products are circulating on Taobao, JD or Alibaba, or being exported from China under your brand.
  • Your former distributor, agent or OEM manufacturer has filed your trademark, design or domain name in its own name.
  • You need to protect software, product designs or copyright works in China and want registrations that will stand up when enforcement is needed.
  • You are a solicitor whose English court case turns on Chinese trademark ownership, licensing or other IP questions and you need a Chinese law expert witness.

What we do

Trademark Filing & Portfolio Strategy

Clearance searches, applications via national filing or Madrid designation, class selection under China's sub-class system, and Chinese-character marks chosen so that distributors and consumers use a name you actually own.

Opposition, Invalidation & Buy-Back of Squatted Marks

Where a squatter has filed first, we assess opposition during publication, invalidation on bad-faith grounds and negotiated assignment or buy-back, advising frankly on which route offers a realistic prospect in your case.

Copyright, Software Recordal & Patents

Voluntary copyright and software recordal to create the ownership evidence Chinese platforms, customs and courts expect, plus practical guidance on invention, utility model and design patent protection with trusted patent agencies.

Customs IP Recordation & Border Seizures

Recording trademarks with the General Administration of Customs so Chinese customs can detain suspected counterfeit shipments, then handling notifications, bonds and follow-up enforcement when goods are stopped.

Administrative Complaints & IP Court Litigation

Complaints to the local Administration for Market Regulation seeking raids and fines, and civil claims before China's specialised IP courts and tribunals for injunctions and damages — including punitive damages for wilful and serious infringement under the Civil Code.

Online Marketplace Takedowns

Structured takedown complaints through the Alibaba, Taobao and JD IP protection platforms, escalation against repeat infringers, and ongoing monitoring so that removed listings do not quietly return.

How it works

01

Initial Review

Send us your marks, products and any evidence of squatting or counterfeiting; we respond within one business day with a preliminary view and the information we need.

02

Searches & Strategy

We run clearance and register searches, review the other side's filings and, where enforcement is in view, arrange notarised evidence purchases — then recommend the route with a realistic prospect.

03

Filing & Action

We file applications, oppositions or invalidations, record rights with customs, and lodge platform complaints, AMR complaints or court proceedings, with fees agreed in advance.

04

Enforcement & Monitoring

We follow each matter through — seizures, settlements, judgments and takedowns — and keep watch for new filings and listings so that problems are caught early.

Frequently asked questions

Do I need to register my trademark in China if I already have a UK or EU registration?

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Yes — UK and EU registrations give you no rights in mainland China, which runs a separate, first-to-file system. Whoever files first in China generally owns the mark there, regardless of your use elsewhere. An international (Madrid) designation or a direct national filing is needed, and a Chinese-character version should usually be filed alongside the Latin-script mark.

What can I do if someone has already registered my trademark in China?

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You can oppose the mark during its publication period, apply to invalidate a bad-faith registration, or negotiate a buy-back. Chinese trademark law allows bad-faith filings made without intent to use to be refused or invalidated, and prior-use and well-known-mark arguments may assist. The realistic prospects of each route depend on the evidence and must be assessed case by case.

How do I stop counterfeit products being made in or exported from China?

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The main tools are customs IP recordation, administrative complaints and civil litigation. Recording your trademark with the General Administration of Customs lets Chinese customs detain suspected counterfeit shipments at the border. Local Administrations for Market Regulation can raid and fine infringers, and civil claims before the specialised IP courts and tribunals can secure injunctions and damages — including punitive damages for wilful and serious infringement under the Civil Code.

How do I remove counterfeit listings from Taobao, JD or Alibaba?

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Each platform operates a formal IP complaint system through which rights holders can have infringing listings taken down. You submit proof of your Chinese trademark or copyright registration together with evidence of infringement; repeat infringers can have their shops penalised or closed. Takedowns work best alongside registered Chinese rights — unregistered foreign rights are far harder to enforce online.

Can I claim damages for trademark infringement in China?

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Yes — Chinese courts award damages based on the rights holder's loss, the infringer's profit, a reasonable licence multiple or statutory damages, and the Civil Code (in force since 1 January 2021) permits punitive damages for wilful, serious infringement. Claims are generally subject to the three-year limitation period under Article 188 of the Civil Code, so evidence should be preserved and action taken promptly. Recoverable amounts vary case by case.

Should I register copyright and software in China even though copyright arises automatically?

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Yes, voluntary recordal is strongly advisable in practice. Although copyright arises without registration, a recordal certificate from the Copyright Protection Centre of China is the standard evidence of ownership that platforms, customs, administrative authorities and courts expect to see, and it makes takedowns and enforcement considerably faster. Software recordal serves the same practical role for code.

Tell us about your situation

Describe the background and what you want to achieve. We will assess the position under Chinese law and reply within one business day.

Arrange a consultation